The history of Torun – the calendar

1228 –  the Chelmno Land was donated to the Teutonic Order by the Masovian ruler
ca. 1231 – Teutonic Knights built their first settlement in the Land of Chelmno on the site of the present-day village Old Torun
1233 – Torun was founded
ca. 1236 – Torun was relocated to its present site due to recurrent floods
1264 – Torun New Town was founded
ca. 1280 – Torun  became a member of the Hanseatic League
1410 – after the battle of Grunwald Torun surrendered to the King of Poland; the castle was occupied by Polish forces
1411 – Teutonic Knights returned to the city and the castle; the First  Peace Treaty of Torun
1454 – Torun was incorporated into the borders of the Republic of Poland; the city paid the homage of faithfulness and took the oath of obedience to the King Kazimierz Jagiellonczyk and his heirs
1457 – in Malbork Torun was given some privileges by King Kazimierz Jagiellonczyk: the unification of the Old and the New Town was approved, the duty to make regular payments to the Teutonic Order was repealed, the storage privilege was confirmed, Torun was given the right of judicature (within the area of the town and its lands) and the right to mint its coin, and was granted a part of the Teutonic Order's lands
1466 – the Second Peace Treaty of Torun ending the Thirteen Years War
1473 – Nicholas Copernicus was born
1496 – Torun was granted royal privilege to build a permanent bridge on the Vistula opposite the Bridge Gate
1521 – Polish and Teutonic truce (the Torun Compromise)
1558 – Lutheranism were officially allowed in Torun
1568 – Torun Grammar School and the first printing house were founded
1626 – the Seym’s session
1645 – Colloquium Charitativum’s session; an attempt of agreement between the Protestants and the Catholics
1655 – Torun surrendered after the Swedish siege
1658 – Torun  recaptured by Polish troops
1703 – Torun was besieged by Swedish troops, significant destruction of the Old Town
1724 – “the Torun Tumult” –  violent conflict between the Catholics and the Lutherans
1793 – Torun was incorporated into Prussia
1806 – the raftsmen assisted French troops attacking the city
1807 – Torun became a part of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw
1809 – Torun was besieged by the Austrian army
1813 – suburbs of Torun were destroyed completely by Frenchmen during arrangements to defense; significant destruction of the city as a result of Russian siege
1853 – Nicholas Copernicus Monument was unveiled
1856 – first-ever edition of "Pan Tadeusz" by Adam Mickiewicz in Polish land
1862 – construction of the railway connection between Bydgoszcz and Warsaw
1871 – Torun as a Prussian fortress of class 1; intensive extension of fortifications on the Vistula banks
1873 – 1889 – most of the medieval defensive walls, towers and gates were pulled down
1920 – Torun returned to Poland and became a capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship
1939 – beginning of the Nazi occupation
1945 – Torun liberated by Russian Army; capital of voivodeship moved to Bydgoszcz; the University of Nicholas Copernicus was established
1966 – celebration of the 500th anniversary of the Second Peace Treaty of Torun; the archaeological and conservation project carried out in the Teutonic Knights’ Castle was completed
1973 – celebration of the 500th anniversary of Nicholas Copernicus' birth; first stage of the conservation project in the Old Town was completed
1975 – Torun Voivodeship was established
1992 – Torun Diocese was established
1997 – Torun was entered on the UNESCO World Heritage List
1999 – the Kuiavia-Pomoria Voivodeship with Marshal Office in Torun was established (the capital was established in Bydgoszcz)